{"id":327,"date":"2024-04-02T07:19:57","date_gmt":"2024-04-02T06:19:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/?page_id=327"},"modified":"2024-04-02T07:19:58","modified_gmt":"2024-04-02T06:19:58","slug":"stereo-isomerism","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/stereo-isomerism\/","title":{"rendered":"Stereo Isomerism"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\t\t<div class=\"well well-sm\">\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<p align=\"left\"><font color=\"#FF0000\" face=\"Arial\">Isomers\n        which have the same structures but differ in the relative\n        arrangements of atoms or groups in space are called\n        stereoisomers. It is of three types, i.e. <strong>conformational\n        isomerism, optical isomerism and geometrical isomerism<\/strong>.<\/font><\/p>\n        <p align=\"left\"><font color=\"#FF0000\" face=\"Arial\"><strong><u>Geometrical\n        Isomers:<\/u><\/strong> <\/font><font color=\"#004080\"\n        face=\"Arial\">Stereoisomers which have the same structural\n        formula but differ in the spatial arrangement of atoms\n        around the double bond are called geometrical isomers.\n        The isomer in which the two similar atoms\/groups lie on\n        the same side of the double bond is called the <strong>cis-isomer<\/strong>\n        while that isomer in which the two similar atoms\/groups\n        lie on the opposite side of the double bond is called the\n        <strong>trans-isomer<\/strong>.<\/font><\/p>\n        <ul>\n            <li><p align=\"left\"><font color=\"#004080\"\n                face=\"Arial\">The necessary and sufficient\n                condition for a molecule to exhibit geometrical\n                isomerism is that each ot the two carbon atoms of\n                the double bond must have different atoms\/groups\n                which may be same of different. Gor example ,\n                alkenes of the types abC=Cab and abC=Cde show\n                geometrical isomerism<\/font><\/p>\n            <\/li>\n            <li><p align=\"left\"><font color=\"#004080\"\n                face=\"Arial\">Compounds containing C=N and N=N\n                also show geometrical isomerism<\/font><\/p>\n            <\/li>\n            <li><p align=\"left\"><font color=\"#004080\"\n                face=\"Arial\">1,2-1,3 and 1,4-disubstituted\n                cycloalkanes also show geometrical isomerism<\/font><\/p>\n            <\/li>\n            <li><p align=\"left\"><font color=\"#004080\"\n                face=\"Arial\">The dipole moment of a cis-isomer is\n                higher than that of a trans-isomer<\/font><\/p>\n            <\/li>\n            <li><p align=\"left\"><font color=\"#004080\"\n                face=\"Arial\">E and Z configuration of geometrical\n                isomers<\/font><\/p>\n                <ul>\n                    <li><p align=\"left\"><font color=\"#004080\"\n                        face=\"Arial\">Give priority to the four\n                        groups attached to the double bonded\n                        C-atoms. Higher the atomic number of the\n                        atom of the group attached to the double\n                        bonded carbon atom higher will be its\n                        priority. If priority cannot be decided\n                        the atoms directly attached to double\n                        bonded C-atoms then next atoms of the\n                        group are compared<\/font><\/p>\n                    <\/li>\n                    <li><p align=\"left\"><font color=\"#004080\"\n                        face=\"Arial\">If two higher priority\n                        groups are on the same side of the double\n                        bond then it is called a Z-isomer\n                        otherwise it is called an E-isomer<\/font><\/p>\n                    <\/li>\n                <\/ul>\n            <\/li>\n        <\/ul>\n        <p align=\"left\"><font color=\"#FF0000\" face=\"Arial\"><strong><u>Conformational\n        Isomerism:<\/u><\/strong><\/font><font color=\"#004080\"\n        face=\"Arial\"> The infinite number of momentary\n        arrangement of the atoms in space which result through\n        rotation about a single bond are called <strong>conformations\n        or rotational isomers<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n        <ul>\n            <li><p align=\"left\"><font color=\"#004080\"\n                face=\"Arial\">Ethane has infinite number of\n                conformations, of which, only two, i.e. staggered\n                and eclipsed are important. The staggered\n                conformation of ethane is more stable than the\n                eclipsed conformation by about 3.0 kcal or 12.55\n                kJ mol<sup>-1<\/sup> <\/font><\/p>\n            <\/li>\n            <li><p align=\"left\"><font color=\"#004080\"\n                face=\"Arial\">Important conformations of n-butane\n                are staggered (or anti), gauche (or skew),\n                partially eclipsed and fully eclipsed. Their\n                relative stability is in the order: <strong>staggered&gt;gauche&gt;partially\n                eclipsed&gt;fully eclipsed<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n            <\/li>\n            <li><p align=\"left\"><font color=\"#004080\"\n                face=\"Arial\">Cyclohexane exists in two non-planer\n                conformations, i.e., chair and the boat form.\n                Both these conformations are free from angle\n                strain (i.e., have tetrahedral angles)<\/font><\/p>\n            <\/li>\n            <li><p align=\"left\"><font color=\"#004080\"\n                face=\"Arial\">The boat form of cyclohexane is less\n                stable than the chair form by about 44 kJ mol<sup>-1<\/sup>\n                <\/font><\/p>\n            <\/li>\n            <li><p align=\"left\"><font color=\"#004080\"\n                face=\"Arial\">The two conformations of cyclohexane\n                cannot be separated but ar readily\n                interconvertible<\/font><\/p>\n            <\/li>\n        <\/ul>\n        <\/td>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Isomers which have the same structures but differ in the relative arrangements of atoms or groups in space are called stereoisomers. It is of three types, i.e. conformational isomerism, optical isomerism and geometrical isomerism. Geometrical Isomers: Stereoisomers which have the same structural formula but differ in the spatial arrangement of atoms around the double bond [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-327","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"blocksy_meta":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Stereo Isomerism - Tutors 4 You<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/stereo-isomerism\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Stereo Isomerism - Tutors 4 You\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Isomers which have the same structures but differ in the relative arrangements of atoms or groups in space are called stereoisomers. It is of three types, i.e. conformational isomerism, optical isomerism and geometrical isomerism. 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It is of three types, i.e. conformational isomerism, optical isomerism and geometrical isomerism. Geometrical Isomers: Stereoisomers which have the same structural formula but differ in the spatial arrangement of atoms around the double bond [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/stereo-isomerism\/","og_site_name":"Tutors 4 You","article_modified_time":"2024-04-02T06:19:58+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/stereo-isomerism\/","url":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/stereo-isomerism\/","name":"Stereo Isomerism - Tutors 4 You","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2024-04-02T06:19:57+00:00","dateModified":"2024-04-02T06:19:58+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/stereo-isomerism\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/stereo-isomerism\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/stereo-isomerism\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Stereo Isomerism"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/","name":"Tutors 4 You","description":"Helping you learn","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/327","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=327"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/327\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":328,"href":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/327\/revisions\/328"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tutors4you.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=327"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}